COPYRIGHT STATEMENT

All integrating resource chapters (appearing in volume pages numbered using Arabic numerals) are published as open-access chapters and are distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, thereby permitting their non-commercial use, sharing, and adaptation, provided the original work is properly cited. The copyright of each of the integrating resource’s chapters is retained by the respective author(s) under the terms and conditions of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. Unless otherwise stated, the copyright of all other elements of the integrating resource found online and in print (including but not limited to the integrating resource’s name, the covers of the printed volumes, and the paratextual content of the printed volume pages numbered using Roman numerals) is retained by the publisher. The latter also holds the non-exclusive right to publish and distribute the content of this integrating resource in both digital and printed formats. Printed editions of the integrating resource are issued as hardbound volumes every six years and may be sold commercially; this commercial use is authorised by the chapter authors through contributor agreements and does not affect the open-access status of the online editions.

DISCLAIMER

Whilst every effort is made by the editor and by the publisher of the integrating resource to see that no inaccurate or misleading data or statements appear in the integrating resource’s chapters, the accuracy and truthfulness of such data or statements remain the responsibility of the chapters’ authors. Accordingly, the editor and the publisher of the integrating resource accept no liability whatsoever for the consequences of the publication of any such inaccurate or misleading data or statements.

NOTES

The use of the term “Babylon” in the title of this integrating resource (appearing online and on all associated printed material) is not legally restricted and has received the approval and consent of the College of Pharmacy of the University of Babylon (reference: 174 / 06-Nov-2025), where the editor holds a lifetime honorary professorship. Neither this approval nor this consent imply any endorsement or support (financial or otherwise) from the University of Babylon toward the company or the integrating resource.